The HAL 9000 computer and the vision of
2001: A Space Odyssey

David G. Stork
Ricoh California Research Center
and Stanford University


"I am a HAL 9000 computer production number 3. I became operational
at the HAL Laboratories in Urbana, Illinois on January 12, 1997..."

--Arthur C. Clarke 2001: A Space Odyssey (1968 novel)



It's 2001: Where's HAL?

2001: A Space Odyssey, Stanley Kubrick and Arthur C. Clarke's 1968 epic film about space exploration and the evolution of intelligence, was the most carefully researched and scientifically precise feature film ever made. Now, in its namesake year, we can compare the film's computer science "predictions" with current technological fact -- in particular those related to its central character, the HAL 9000 computer, which could speak, reason, see, play chess, plan and express emotions. In some domains reality has surpassed the vision in the film: computer chess, computer hardware, and graphics. In numerous others, reality has fallen far short: computer speech, language, vision, lipreading, planning, and common sense. The film missed some trends entirely: the film showed no laptops or PDAs and HAL as large as a school bus but in reality computers instead got small. As such, the film provides a remarkable perspective on the sweep of developments in the modern era of computer technology. The future isn't what it used to be. This non-technical talk is profusely illustrated with clips from 2001 and current research and sheds new light on key moments of the film. You will never see the film the same way again.

This non-technical talk is profusely illustrated with clips from 2001 and current research and sheds new light on key moments of the film -- you will never see the film the same way again.


David G. Stork is Chief Scientist at the Ricoh Innovations as well as Consulting Associate Professor of Electrical Engineering and Visiting Lecturer in Computer Science at Stanford University. This talk is based on his fourth book, HAL's Legacy: 2001's computer as dream and reality. He recently completed the second edition of Pattern Classification by R. O. Duda, P. E. Hart and D. G. Stork (Wiley).

Click here for endorsements for the talk.
Return to talks and celebration page